Studies	Complementary/alternative therapy	Administration	Proposed mechanism of action	Indication
Yeh, 2019⁷	Medical grade Manuka honey	Topical	Antimicrobial activity against gram-negative skin flora via unidentified phytochemical component	Folliculitis decalvans
Gautam, 2022¹⁰	Ayurvedic medicine	Topical and oral	Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, and immune-boosting properties conferred by natural and holistic approaches	Folliculitis decalvans
Gautam, 2022¹⁰	Leech therapy	Technique	Antimicrobial, anticoagulation, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties imparted by bioactive components in salivary gland secretions	Folliculitis decalvans
Miguel-Gomez, 2015¹⁴ Yang, 2021¹⁵	Photodynamic therapy	Technique	Anti-inflammatory effects, immunomodulatory properties, and antimicrobial activity targeting keratinocytes, fibroblasts, mast cells, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles	Folliculitis decalvans
Tamura, 2007¹⁶ Neri, 2023¹⁷	Botulinum toxin	Technique	Inhibition of the activation of receptors involved in aberrant immune responses and the induction of hair growth-inhibiting mediators	Folliculitis decalvans
Umar, 2021²² Umar, 2022²³ Umar, 2022²⁴	Gashee proprietary botanical extract	Topical and oral	Inhibition of TGF-β, upregulation of fibrosis-mitigating AMPK and PPAR-γ, and other anti-inflammatory properties	LPP and CCCA
Harrison, 1991⁴⁵	Hypnotherapy	Technique	Modulation of the autonomic nervous system affecting immunologic processes which lead to lymphocytic actions, as well as alteration of blood flow and therefore activity in particular brain regions[@350797]	Scarring alopecia