Psychotherapy
Study	Intervention	Comparison	Study Design	Sample size	Physical Results	Psychological Results
Psoriasis and Psychotherapy
Bundy et al. (2013)[@354248]	Online CBT + psoriasis education	TAU	RCT	n = 135 (intervention = 67, control = 68)	Mean SAPASI was not significantly different between groups.	Online CBT significantly reduced anxiety and improved QOL in intervention group compared to control (p < 0.05).
D'Alton et al. (2019)[@354251]	Mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT), mindfulness based self-compassion therapy (MBSCT), self-help mindfulness based self-compassion theory (MBSCT-SH)	TAU	RCT	n = 94 (MBCT = 25, MBSCT = 25, MBSCT-SH = 22, TAU = 22)	No statistically significant differences in PASI between groups.	No statistically significant differences on anxiety or QOL between groups.
Larsen et al. (2014)[@354250]	Motivational Interviewing + climate therapy/heliotherapy	Climate therapy/heliotherapy alone	RCT	n= 169 (experimental = 86, control = 83)	Intervention group showed a significant improvement in SAPASI at 3-month and 6-month follow up.(p<0.05)	Intervention group showed significantly lower illness perception score at 3 months (p = 0.01) but this difference was not significant at 6 months.
Maddock et al. (2019)[@354247]	Mindfulness based CBT	TAU	RCT	n = 101 (intervention = 51, control = 50); with mild to severe psoriasis	MBCT group had a large significant reduction in SAPASI (p=.01) at the end of the program, but not at 3 month follow up The TAU group showed no statistically significant change.	MBCT group reported a significant reduction in anxiety scores post-treatment vs TAU.
Nguyen et al. (2021)[@354252]	MBSR and mindfulness	TAU	RCT	n = 34 (intervention = 17 (psoriasis = 10, rheumatoid arthritis = 7), control = 17 (psoriasis = 9, rheumatoid arthritis = 7))	No significant change in psoriasis severity between groups.	A significantly higher proportion of patients in the intervention group showed a clinically relevant change in WHO5, compared to the control group.
Ramos et al. (2023)[@354274]	Compassionate emotional accompaniment (CEAT), single session with therapist	Emotional disclosure (ED)	RCT	n = 44 (intervention = 30, control = 14)	PASI scores were significantly lower in the CEAT group compared with the ED group (p=.04).	CEAT group showed significantly improved emotional coping significantly higher mindfulness, and a significant reduction in HR. PSO-Life was higher in the ED group compared to the CEAT group indicating a higher quality of life in the ED group (p= .03).
Van Beugen et al. (2016)[@354249]	Online CBT	TAU	RCT	n= 86 (intervention = 33, control = 53)	No significant differences on PASI between groups. There was a statistically significant improvement in physical functioning for the CBT group, driven by improvements in fatigue.	No statistically significant differences were found between groups regarding psychological functioning.
Zachariae et al. (1996)[@354275]	Individual psychotherapy sessions focused on cognitive behavioral stress management, imagery training, and relaxation training	No treatment	RCT	n = 51 (intervention = 25, control = 26)	No significant difference in PASI score.	A significant difference was found between the two groups in perceived stress between baseline and post intervention.
Atopic Dermatitis (AD) and Psychotherapy
Brown & Bettley (1971)[@354271]	Unique psychiatric treatment plan	TAU	RCT	n= 72 (intervention = 38, control = 34)	No significant difference in overall outcome between control and experimental group.	N/A
Ehlers et al. (1995)[@354257]	1)Relaxation therapy, 2) dermatologic education, 3) CBT, 4) dermatologic education + CBT	TAU	RCT	n = 137 (intervention = 113, control =24)	All groups showed decreased severity of AD after treatment compared to standard medical care. At one-year, autogenic training, CBT, and dermatologic education + CBT showed significantly greater improvement in skin condition than standard medical care and dermatological education.	No significant differences between groups in distress and global disability rating.
Habib et al. (1999)[@354253]	Stress management, communication skills, problem solving, relaxation, habit reversal, guided imagery, self-monitoring	TAU	RCT	n =17 (intervention group = 9, control group = 8)	Significantly decreased pruritus in the intervention group. Global severity of AD was lower in the intervention group but not statistically significant on intragroup analysis. Pruritus and global severity continued to be significantly reduced at 8 weeks follow up.	Significantly decreased social anxiety and self-consciousness in the intervention group.
Hedman-Lagerlöf et al. (2021)[@354255]	Internet delivered CBT	TAU	RCT	n= 102 (intervention = 51, control = 51)	Intervention group showed greater reduction in AD symptoms than the control group.	Intervention group showed significantly larger reductions in stress, sleep problems, and depressive symptoms from baseline to post-treatment compared to controls.
Kishimoto et al. (2023)[@354256]	Online mindfulness and self-compassion training	TAU	RCT	n = 107 (intervention = 56, control = 51)	Intervention group showed significantly fewer patient reported AD symptoms.	Intervention group showed significantly better disease-specific QOL ratings.
Linnet et al. (2001)[@354270]	Psychotherapy	TAU	RCT	n= 32 (intervention = 16, control = 16)	AD patients with higher levels of trait anxiety showed greater lesion severity improvement after psychotherapy.	AD patients with a higher level of intake trait anxiety showed greater improvement after psychotherapy.
Melin et al. (1986)[@354276]	Habit reversal therapy + hydrocortisone cream	Hydrocortisone cream alone	RCT	n = 16 (intervention = 9, control = 7)	Significant reductions in skin irritation and scratching for both groups, the intervention group showed reductions significantly higher than the control group.	Significant reduction in “annoyance” for both groups, the intervention group showed a significantly greater reduction than the control group.
Norén et al. (2018)[@354277]	Habit reversal therapy	TAU	RCT	n= 39 (intervention = 18, control = 21). Participants were ages 5-13	Intervention group showed a significant improvement in SCORAD compared to the control group.	Both groups showed a significant improvement in CDLQI.
Schut et al. (2013)[@354254]	Cognitive behavioral stress management	TAU	RCT	n= 28 (intervention = 14, control = 14)	No group differences were seen with respect to SCORAD.	The intervention group showed a statistically significant improvement in “calmness”. compared to controls.
Xie et al. (2020)[@354278]	Pediatric participants attended group sessions about mind-body integration (exploring self identity, understanding disease identity, improving recognition and regulation of emotion, enhancing resilience etc.) Parents also attended classes to learn about coping strategies.	TAU	RCT	n = 113 (intervention = 58, control = 55)	Significant decrease in severity of AD in intervention group.	Both groups showed a significant reduction of anxiety. The control group showed improvement in emotional regulation.
Bae et al. (2012)[@354258]	Progressive muscle relaxation group	TAU	RCT	n = 25, intervention = 15, control= 10	Intervention group showed a decrease in pruritus. Significant improvement in eczema area and severity in both groups	Intervention group showed statistically improved depression and anxiety symptoms.
Acne and Psychotherapy
Chatzikonstantinou et al. (2019)[@354259]	Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention in subjects with acne vulgaris included self-reflective questions What have I done wrong? What have I done right? What have I omitted that I ought to have done?	TAU	RCT	n = 30 (intervention group = 15, control group = 15)	Intervention group showed significant improvement in acne stage compared to the control group.	Intervention group experienced significant reduction in perceived stress and negative affect compared to the control group.
Kelly et al. (2009)[@354260]	Self-soothing group or attack resisting group – both based on daily imagery self-talk in patients with acne vulgaris	TAU	RCT	n = 73 (self-soothing condition = 23, attach resisting condition = 26, control condition = 24)	NA	The attack resisting group showed significantly lower depression. Both attack resisting and self-soothing interventions showed reduced shame. Both groups also showed reduced the frequency with which acne bothered the participants emotionally, functionally, and physically.
Mashayekhi et al. (2020)[@354261]	CBT in patients with acne exorée.	TAU	RCT	n = 32 (intervention = 16, control = 16).	Intervention group showed significant reductions in photograph evaluation of acne severity score and the clinical severity score.	Only the control group showed significant improvements in depression and anxiety.

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