Treatment	Mechanism	Effect on Itch in AD
Dupilumab	Monoclonal antibody against the shared subunit of the receptor for IL-4 and IL-13 (which is a key pathway in peripheral pruritogenic neurons that is known to induce itch). Hypothesized to improve itch by attenuated Th2 response which is known to be increased in AD.[@372279]	Significantly improved itch at every time point throughout the entire duration of the studies (up to 52 weeks).[@372299]
Tralokinumab/Lebrikizumab	Monoclonal antibody against IL-13	Significantly attenuates itch in AD.[@372279]
Nemolizumab	Monoclonal antibody against IL-31RA	Significantly attenuates itch in AD.[@372279]
Upadacitinib, Abrocitinib, Ruxolitinib	JAK1 inhibitors	Approved to treat AD and attenuates itch.[@372279]
Crisaborole	Topical inhibition of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) signaling. Reduced inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF alpha, IL-12, and IL-23	Approved to treat inflammation and itch in AD.[@372279; @372299]
MEDI9929	Monoclonal antibody against TSLP	When combined with topical corticosteroids, slightly reduces itch in patients with moderate to severe AD.[@372279]
Aprepitant	NK1R antagonist, the main receptor for SP[@372282]	Discovered to decrease treatment-refractory chronic itch rapidly and significantly in AD.[@372282] However, a newer study revealed it did not significantly decrease itching in AD compared to a control with a strong steroid and moisturizer.[@372302] Further research is needed to determine if aprepitant should be used in AD that is refractory to topical treatment.
Tandospirone citrate	Serotonin agonist	Significantly attenuates itch in AD.[@372273]
Paroxetine	SSRI. Hypothesized that long term use may act through the modification of opioid receptors in the CNS. Need further studies into the mechanism.	Significantly attenuates itch in AD.[@372303]
Fluvoxamine	SSRI	Significantly attenuates itch in AD.[@372303]
Asivatrep	Antagonist of TRPV1	Recently Phase 3 trial found it improved AD pruritus.[@372280]
Tradipitant/Serlopitant	NK-1 antagonists	Currently being researched for AD pruritus.[@372280]

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